Design and content validation of a checklist about infection-prevention performance of intensive care nurses in simulation-based scenarios.

OBJECTIVE: To design, develop and validate a new tool, called NEUMOBACT, to evaluate critical care nurses' knowledge and skills in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and catheter-related bacteraemia (CRB) prevention through simulation scenarios involving central venous catheter (CVC), endotracheal suctioning (ETS) and mechanically ventilated patient care (PC) stations. BACKGROUND: Simulation-based training is an excellent way for nurses to learn prevention measures in VAP and CRB. DESIGN: Descriptive metric study to develop NEUMOBACT and analyse its content and face validity that followed the COSMIN Study Design checklist for patient-reported outcome measurement instruments. METHODS: The first version was developed with the content of training modules in use at the time (NEUMOBACT-1). Delphi rounds were used to assess item relevance with experts in VAP and CRB prevention measures, resulting in NEUMOBACT-2. Experts in simulation methods then assessed feasibility, resulting in NEUMOBACT-3. Finally, a pilot test was conducted among 30 intensive care unit (ICU) nurses to assess the applicability of the evaluation tool in clinical practice. RESULTS: Seven national experts in VAP and CRB prevention and seven national simulation experts participated in the analysis to assess the relevance and feasibility of each item, respectively. After two Delphi rounds with infection experts, four Delphi rounds with simulation experts, and pilot testing with 30 ICU nurses, the NEUMOBACT-FINAL tool consisted of 17, 26 and 21 items, respectively, for CVC, ETS and PC. CONCLUSION: NEUMOBACT-FINAL is useful and valid for assessing ICU nurses' knowledge and skills in VAP and CRB prevention, acquired through simulation. RELEVANCE FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: Our validated and clinically tested tool could facilitate the transfer of ICU nurses' knowledge and skills learning in VAP and CRB prevention to critically ill patients, decreasing infection rates and, therefore, improving patient safety. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Experts participated in the Delphi rounds and nurses in the pilot test.

Relación entre precisión diagnóstica y actitud frente a los diagnósticos de enfermería en estudiantes de grado / Relationship between diagnostic accuracy and attitudes towards diagnoses in undergraduate nursing students

PROPÓSITO: Evaluar la precisión diagnóstica de los estudiantes de tercer curso del Grado en Enfermería y analizar su posible relación con la actitud hacia el diagnóstico de enfermería. MÉTODOS: Mediante la resolución de un caso escenario se evaluó la precisión diagnóstica de los diagnósticos NANDA-I con la escala de precisión de Lunney, y la actitud hacia el diagnóstico con la versión española de la Escala de Posicionamiento ante el Diagnóstico Enfermero. RESULTADOS: El promedio de las actitudes hacia el diagnóstico de enfermería fue de 103,5 (DE 18,47) y el promedio de la precisión diagnóstica fue de 3,94 (DE 0,66). No hubo correlación significativa entre ambos (r = 0,162 y p = 0,113). Conclusión e implicaciones: No existe correlación entre la precisión diagnóstica y la actitud frente al diagnóstico de enfermería. El análisis de casos resueltos con un instrumento de medida de la precisión diagnóstica permite evaluar la competencia de los estudiantes en formulación diagnóstica y reorientar su formación para mejorar las habilidades de razonamiento clínico y el uso adecuado de los diagnósticos de enfermería

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of third-year Nursing students and to analyse its possible relationship with attitudes towards nursing diagnosis. METHODS: The Scale for Degrees of Accuracy-Number Criteria by Lunney, and the Spanish version of the Positions on Nursing Diagnosis scale were used in order to measure the diagnostic precision of a case scenario. Findings: The mean score for the attitudes towards nursing diagnosis was 103.5 (SD 18.47), and the mean score for diagnostic accuracy was 3.94 (SD 0.66). There was no significant correlation between them (r = 0.162 and P = .113). Conclusion and implications: Diagnostic reasoning was not influenced by the attitude towards nursing diagnosis. The measuring of the diagnostic accuracy in case resolution improves clinical reasoning skills and diagnostic accuracy

Las influencias interpersonales en mujeres con incontinencia urinaria / The interpersonal influences in women with urinary incontinence

OBJETIVO: Describir las influencias interpersonales que presentan las mujeres con incontinencia urinaria (IU). METODOLOGÍA: La perspectiva teórico-metodológica utilizada ha sido la cualitativa fenomenológica, con la participación de 34 mujeres de la provincia de Barcelona. Los datos se recogieron mediante entrevistas en profundidad y la técnica del grupo focal. La selección de la muestra fue intencional o de conveniencia, y el análisis categorial temático se realizó a partir de las transcripciones de los discursos de las participantes. RESULTADOS: Las influencias interpersonales más significativas para las participantes fueron las mujeres de su familia, las amigas y los profesionales de la salud. Dicha influencia ha sido mayoritariamente negativa y las involucró poco o nada en conductas promotoras de la salud en la resolución de su IU. CONCLUSIONES: La mayoría de las influencias interpersonales descritas en el estudio son fruto de las creencias derivadas de los estereotipos de género, que se transmiten en el proceso de socialización y que condicionan la percepción de la IU como una enfermedad tratable

OBJECTIVE: Describe the interpersonal influences that present women with urinary incontinence (UI). METHODS: The theoretical-methodological approach used was qualitative phenomenological, involving 34 women in the province of Barcelona (Spain). Data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group technique. The sample selection was intentional or convenience categorical, and thematic analysis was conducted from the transcripts of the speeches of the participants. RESULTS: The most significant interpersonal influences for participants are the women of his family, friends and health professionals. This influence is mostly negative and involves little or no health-promoting behaviors was solving its UI. CONCLUSIONS: Most of interpersonal influences described are the result of beliefs derived from gender stereotypes that are transmitted in the socialization process and shape perceptions of the UI as a treatable disease

Mujer y jubilación: conocimientos sobre la transición de la jubilación / Women and retirement: knowledge of the transition of retirement of women

Objetivo. Describir la transición de la jubilación de mujeres que desarrollaron su vida laboral en la ciudad de Barcelona. Diseño. Metodología cualitativa, estudio exploratorio. Emplazamiento. Ciudad de Barcelona, entre los años 2008- 2011. Participantes. Usuarias de Centros de Salud que responden a dos perfiles según el tipo de actividad laboral desarrollada: como directivas y técnicas, o con actividad profesional con escasa o nula autonomía. Intervenciones principales. Técnica de grupos focales hasta que los discursos narrativos no agregaron más información significativa a la disponible. Análisis con transcripción literal de los discursos, codificación, categorización, análisis de contenido y obtención de resultados. Resultados. Los resultados mostraron diferencias entre los perfiles de mujeres en relación con la significación de su vida laboral, las expectativas sobre la jubilación, los motivos que la determinaron, su salud al inicio de la misma y la adaptación a esta etapa. Hubo muchas similitudes y escasas diferencias cuando se analizaron las cargas familiares sostenidas antes y después de la jubilación. Conclusiones. A partir de los resultados se describen dos tipologías distintas de transición de la jubilación entre las mujeres del estudio en función del perfil de actividad laboral desarrollada (la descripción se realizó según la Teoría de las Transiciones de Meleis). Se destacan aspectos de sus experiencias y necesidades que, desde la perspectiva enfermera, identifican ámbitos y formas de intervención que permitan preparar y afrontar esta transición saludablemente (AU)

Objective. To describe the transition involved in the retirement process for women who have worked in the Barcelona work context. Design. Methodology qualitative, exploratory study. Location. The study was carried out in Barcelona, between the years 2008-2011. Participants. Users of health centers that serve two profiles by type of work activity developed as managers and technical, or professional activity with little or no autonomy. Main intervention. A technique discussion group was used until narratives did not add significantly to the information available. Transcription, analysis, coding, categorization, and content analysis to obtain the results. Results. The results reflected differences between these profiles involved in the sample when analyzing data related to the meaning of their working lives, expectations of retirement, the motives which determine it, their health during the initial period and their adaptation to retirement. There were many similarities and few differences when analyzing family responsibilities / workloads before and after retirement. Conclusions. These were based on the results described of the two distinct typologies of transition to retirement among women involved in the study in accordance with their profile of working life (the description used concepts and elements which model the Meleis Transition Theories as its basis). Some aspects of their experiences and needs are also stressed which, from a nursing perspective, lead to the identification of ambits, means of intervention which enable them to prepare and address this transition in a healthy way (AU)

[WOMEN AND RETIREMENT: KNOWLEDGE OF THE TRANSITION OF RETIREMENT OF WOMEN]. / Mujer y jublación conocimientos sobre a transción de la jubilación.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the transition involved in the retirement process for women who have worked in the Barcelona work context. DESIGN: Methodology qualitative, exploratory study. LOCATION: The study was carried out in Barcelona, between the years 2008-2011. PARTICIPANTS: Users of health centers that serve two profiles by type of work activity developed as managers and technical, or professional activity with little or no autonomy. MAIN INTERVENTTON: A technique discussion group was used until narratives did not add significantly to the information available. Transcription, analysis, coding, categorization, and content analysis to obtain the results. RESULTS: The results reflected differences between these profiles involved in the sample when analyzing data related to the meaning of their working lives, expectations of retirement, the motives which determine it, their health during the initial period and their adaptation to retirement. There were many similarities and few differences when analyzing family responsibilities/ workloads before and after retirement. CONCLUSIONS: These were based on the results described of the two distinct typologies of transition to retirement among women involved in the study in accordance with their profile of working life (the description used concepts and elements which model the Meleis Transition Theories as its basis). Some aspects of their experiences and needs are also stressed which, from a nursing perspective, lead to the identification of ambits, means of intervention which enable them to prepare and address this transition in a healthy way.